Step-by-step conveyancing and procedure stages

Scope & fixed-fee quote

You send the contract or describe the dispute; we review it and send a written scope with a fixed or capped fee.

Review & strategy

We assess your position under the TTK/TBK and the contract, quantify what is at stake, and recommend the route most likely to get the result you want.

Draft, negotiate or demand

We prepare or renegotiate the agreement, or send a firm pre-action demand and open negotiations with the counterparty.

Mandatory mediation

Where the law requires it, we represent you through commercial mediation and press for an enforceable settlement.

Litigation or arbitration

If needed, we take the matter to the commercial court or to ISTAC/ICC arbitration and conduct it end to end.

Resolution & enforcement

We secure judgment, award or settlement — and, where money is owed, enforce it through the Turkish execution system.

Critical statutory deadlines and calendar windows

Time limits that decide whether you still have a claim

5 yearsShorter limitation period applying to many recurring and specific commercial claims — rent, periodic performances, certain professional and trade claims (TBK Art. 147). Some claims carry shorter special periods still.

10 years~~General limitation period for contractual claims (TBK Art. 146). The clock can start earlier than expected, so the start date matters as much as the length.~~

What to have ready before you take advice

Whether you are about to sign or already in dispute, these are the things worth pulling together first. They are what determines your position under the contract and the TTK/TBK — and several of them are time-sensitive.

Collect the contract with every amendment, order form, framework agreement and set of general terms and conditions — including any bilingual version, and note which language version the parties agreed would prevail.
Read the governing law, jurisdiction and dispute-resolution clauses first, and note whether they point to a court or to arbitration, and to which seat and language.
Check whether the CISG has been excluded in writing — if it is a sale of goods between businesses in different member states and there is no exclusion, work on the basis that it may govern.
Look at the penalty, payment, default-interest, termination and force-majeure clauses, and note whether your counterparty is a merchant (tacir), since that changes how a penalty clause is treated.
Gather the evidence of the breach and the loss: invoices, delivery and acceptance records, quality complaints, correspondence and any objection you raised — with the date you first objected.
Work out when your limitation period started running rather than assuming it is ten years, and flag it if the claim looks like one of the five-year or shorter categories.
If you are concerned the counterparty may move money or stock, raise preliminary attachment (ihtiyati haciz, İİK Art. 257) or an interim injunction (ihtiyati tedbir, HMK Art. 389 and following) early — and remember that for a monetary commercial claim the TTK Art. 5/A mediation step has to be completed, correctly, before any suit is filed.

Governing statutory provisions under Turkish law

6102~~LAW NO.~~

Turkish Commercial Code (Türk Ticaret Kanunu) · Art. 5/A

Sets the merchant-specific rules — commercial default and late-payment interest (Art. 1530), no reduction of an agreed penalty against a merchant debtor (Art. 22), agency goodwill compensation (Art. 122), unfair competition (Arts. 54–63) — and makes mediation a precondition to most monetary commercial claims (Art. 5/A).

6098~~LAW NO.~~

Turkish Code of Obligations (Türk Borçlar Kanunu) · arts. 179–182

Provides the general law of contract — formation, performance, breach, damages and termination — including penalty clauses (arts. 179–182) and the limitation periods of ten years (Art. 146) and five years (Art. 147).

5718~~LAW NO.~~

Act on Private International Law and International Civil Procedure (MÖHUK)

Governs the international element: it generally respects the parties' choice of governing law and, within limits, of forum, and sets the conditions for recognising and enforcing a foreign judgment in Türkiye.

Commercial Contracts & B2B Disputes: Stages, Deadlines & Position Assessment